Active volcanoes / Aktive vulkaner:
Rinjani, Indonesia
The 2,376 m high Barujari pyroclastic cone, the most prominent post-caldera featur of Rinjani volcano,
was formed at the easter end of the oval-shaped Segara Anak caldera lake. This 1993 view from the
NE caldera rim shows a peninsula at the right formed by lava flows that entered the caldera lake in 1944 from
a vent NW of Barujari. The dark-colored lava flows on the left side of Barujari flowed north and south into
the lake during an eruption in 1966.
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Rinjani volcano on the island of Lombok, Lesser Sunda Islands, rises to 3,726 m, second in height among Indonesian volcanoes only to Sumatra's Kerinci volcano. Rinjani has a steep- sided conical profile when viewed from the east, but the west side of the compound volcano is truncated by the 6x8,5 km, oval-shaped Segara Anak caldera. The western half of the caldera contains a 230 m deep lake whose crescentic form results from growth of the post-caldera cone Barujari aqt the east end of the caldera. Historical eruptions at Rinjani dating back to 1847 have been restricted to Barujari cone and consist of moderate explosive activity and occasional lavaflows that have entered Segara Anak lake. Thursday, October 7th, 2004 A new explosion happened to day and sent an ashcolumn 4.500 m up in the air. Hikers are banned from climbing on the volcano, but no evacuation of villages yet. From visual observations on 2-4 October 2004 ash explosions still continues and are sending sent ash columns that rose to ~ 300-800 m above the summit. A grey, thick ash column drifted to the North. Point of explosion was in North-East slope of Baru Jari volcano. Light material from the peak felt down around the Baru Jari volcano. Every explosion was accompanied with detonation sounds. No visible change over the Segara Anakan Lake meant that no water was entering to the caldera. Interval time between explosions was in range between 5 to 160 minutes. Saturday, October 2nd, 2004 The Volcanological Society of Indonesia (VSI) reported that the Rinjani volcano erupted yesterday at 05:30 am. Since the increasing of volcanic quakes on 5 September 2004, volcanic activities on Rinjani continue increasing, and finally Rinjani was erupted on 1 October 2004 at 5.30 WITA Activity volcanic visually was not detected from the
post monitoring at Sembalun Lawang |
A 2 km high, double-topped eruption column rises above Barujari cone at Rinjani volcano on June 9, 1994,
in this veiw looking south across the steaming caldera lake with the Segara Anak caldera wall in the
background. A small pycoclastic flow can be seen descending from the crater, and the flanks of the cone
are steaming from still-hot deposits of a previous explosion. The 1994 eruption began on June 3 and lasted
until at least November.
Photo courtesy of Volcanological Survey of Indonesia, 1994
An ash-bearing eruption plume rises on June 30, 1994 above the summit crater of Barujari, a pyroclastic cone on the floor of Rinjani's Segara Anak caldera. Steam rises at the lower right from a lava flow that began erupting during the earlier stages of the eruption, which began on June 3. Photo courtesy of Volcanological Survey of Indonesia, 1994
 Photograph of Barujari cone (left) and Rombongan dome (right) on November 21st, 1994, with Segara Anak lake in the foreground. View is looking approximately SW from the NE caldera rim. Courtesy of P.M.Vincent. 
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